Whiplash
Whiplash is essentially a neck sprain. It occurs when your head is moved suddenly backwards then forwards. This is often the case in car accidents particularly when hit from behind though it can be caused from side impacts.
Whiplash can occur as a result of sport or a fall if the level of force is high enough to cause an uncontrolled movement of the head.
What structures are involved?
Whiplash mainly involves the stretching of soft tissues namely the ligaments and muscles. Fascia (connective tissue which permeates through the body) can also be affected and it is common to find that this feels tighter. On occasion and at high levels of force the vertebrae, discs of the neck and nerves can be damaged. This however is rare.
What are the signs and symptoms?
The primary symptoms are neck pain and stiffness. The pain can radiate across the shoulders and can lead to a reduction in the movement of the neck and occasionally arms. Headaches are common. In some cases pins and needles and numbness can be felt down the arms.
It is advisable to contact your doctor if any of the following symptoms persist – blurred vision, problems speaking or swallowing, dizziness or fainting or if the symptoms radiating down the arms fail to improve after a few days.
What can I do to help with whiplash?
Years ago people were advised to rest in bed. We know this to be detrimental and it is not advised. The best way forward is what is often described as “active rest” – maintaining a degree of activity whilst respecting your pain. Soft tissue release and movement exercises are effective as is postural advice and heat or cold therapy. Physiotherapy is a useful tool in guiding you through the rehabilitation following a whiplash injury.
Be proactive with your neck. It is easier to get over the pain if it is treated early rather than leaving the discomfort until it becomes persistent problem.
These information sheets are for information only and should not be considered medical recommendations. Medical information is continually changing. Please contact your GP to discuss any concerns.